yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
why?; what for?; how?; by what means?
he; she; that guy; that; that one; that thing
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
Golden Week; string of public holidays in late April-early May
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
tightly (holding on); firmly; strongly (built); solidly; properly; well
to seal (e.g. a letter); to prevent (e.g. movement); to forbid; to block (e.g. speech)
should (be); bound (to be); nock (of a bow); nock (of an arrow); nock-shaped grip (between thumb and forefinger); wooden frame on the tip of the mast of a Japanese ship that prevents the hawser from falling out
isn't it?; let's ...; why don't we ...; how about we ...
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
hindrance; obstacle; harm (to one's health); bad effect; menstruation; period
cat (esp. the domestic cat, Felis catus); feline; shamisen; geisha; wheelbarrow; clay bed-warmer; bottom (submissive partner of a homosexual relationship)
to the end; to the bitter end; to the last; after all; it must be remembered; only
ordinary; common; free of charge; free; unaffected; as is
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
chance; start; opportunity; cause; reason; excuse
question (e.g. on a test); problem; problem (e.g. societal, political); question; question (i.e. doubt); public discussion
chairperson (of a committee); chair; chairman; chairwoman; president
suffix for familiar person
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
previous time; last time; previous installment; previous instalment; previous session
to act violently; to rage; to struggle; to be riotous
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
to turn up; to roll up (e.g. sleeves); to do over and over again; to do relentlessly; to stage a comeback (against) (in mahjong, horse racing, etc.); to come from behind
generally; on the whole; general; rough; outline; main points
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
cancellation; liquidation; resolution; reduction (e.g. of stress)
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
to be able to do; to be possible; to be good at; to do well; to come into existence; to form; to be made
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
to disappear; to vanish; to go out (of a fire, light, etc.); to die; to fade (of a feeling, impression, etc.); to vanish (e.g. of hope); to go away (e.g. of a smell, itchiness, sleepiness)