indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
name; given name; first name
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to call out (to); to call; to summon (a doctor, etc.); to invite; to designate; to name; to garner (support, etc.)
discourtesy; impoliteness; excuse me; goodbye; to leave; to be rude
to bite; to chew; to gnaw; to fumble one's words (esp. during a play, broadcast, etc.); to falter with one's words; to crash against (e.g. of waves); to break onto (shore)
to differ (from); to vary; to not be in the usual condition; to not match the correct (answer, etc.); to be different from promised; isn't it?
on purpose; deliberately; intentionally
just (e.g. "just wait here"); come now; tolerably; passably; well...; I think...
god; deity; incredible; fantastic; (arch.) Emperor (of Japan); (arch.) thunder
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
what kind of; what sort of; what; no matter what (kind of); whatever; any
(practical) experience; personal experience; hands-on experience; first-hand experience
I see; that's right; indeed
studying for a test (esp. school or university entrance examinations)
academic year; school year; year in school; grade in school
first place; first rank; unit's position; Japanese yew (Taxus cuspidata)
rank; place (e.g. first place); decimal place; counter for ghosts
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
study; diligence; discount; reduction
to teach; to instruct; to tell; to inform; to preach
to receive; to take; to get somebody to do something; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match); to contract (a disease); to catch
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to speak distinctly; to speak clearly; to put it bluntly; to get to the point; to be frank
invincible; unrivaled; unrivalled; matchless; unbeatable; undefeatable
the other day; lately; recently; meanwhile; in the meantime
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to meet; to encounter; to see; to have an accident; to have a bad experience
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
braid (hair, cord. etc.); plait
direction; way; side (of an argument, etc.); one's part; type; category; field (of study, etc.)
so much; so often; oh, yes!; that's it; that's right; quite
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo