at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to operate (e.g. a machine); to handle; to have a good command of (a language); to play proficiently (of a musical instrument); to work (a puppet); to pull the strings of a puppet
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
aggression; invasion; raid
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
force; strength; capability; ability; efficacy; effect; effort
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to reject; to repulse; to repel; to bounce back; to counterattack; to strike back
domination of the world; world hegemony; world domination
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to advance; to go forward; to precede; to go ahead (of); to make progress; to improve; to deepen
one (esp. of two); the other; on the one hand; on the other hand; whereas; although
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
chalk (mineral); white wall
true character; true form; true colors (colours); consciousness; one's senses
to feel around for; to fumble for; to investigate; to probe into; to explore (parts unknown); to enjoy (natural beauty)
to continue; to keep up; to keep on
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
that's the way it is; yes; is that so?; is it?
nisei; second-generation Japanese (or Korean, etc.); the second (e.g. Edward II); son
suffix for familiar person
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to visit; to call on; to arrive (season, time, situation, etc.); to come; (arch.) to make a sound; (arch.) to send a letter
sacred place; holy ground; the Holy Land; real-life location used as a setting in a novel, film, anime, etc.
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
serious; not joking; straight
to ascend; to go up; to ascend (as a natural process, e.g. the Sun); to rise; to go to (the capital); to be promoted; to add up to
nonexistent; not being (there); not having; not
speaking of; (I told you) already; come on
gas (state of matter, e.g. poison gas, natural gas); gasoline; gas; dense fog; thick fog; gas stove
lack; deficiency; vacancy; absence; non-attendance
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...; did not ...
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
there's no (other) way; cannot be helped; unavoidable; it's no use (doing); pointless; hopeless (person)
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
way (of doing); manner; method; means
father; dad; papa; pa; pop; daddy
to differ (from); to vary; to not be in the usual condition; to not match the correct (answer, etc.); to be different from promised; isn't it?
to pass through; to pass by; to pass (of time); to elapse; to have expired; to have ended; to exceed
as is; as it is; as things are; like this; this way; at this rate