indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
beyond; across; the other side; the distance
Chinese "star" constellation (one of the 28 mansions); Singapore
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
star (usu. excluding the Sun); planet (usu. excluding Earth); star (glyph, symbol, shape); asterisk; star (actor, player, etc.); dot; spot
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
original; unique; distinctive; independent; one's own; personal
to make progress; to develop; to evolve (method, style, etc.)
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
to call out (to); to call; to summon (a doctor, etc.); to invite; to designate; to name; to garner (support, etc.)
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
sky; the air; weather; far-off place; distant place; state of mind; feeling
civilization; civilisation; culture; Bunmei era (1469.4.28-1487.7.20)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to build; to construct; to erect; to build up (a reputation, position, fortune, etc.); to establish (a relationship, household, tradition, etc.); to lay (a foundation)
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
land near a castle; castle town
(Internet) troll; disturber; raising havoc; laying waste; robbery; holdup
to turn; to rotate; to go around; to circle; to make the rounds (of); to go around (several places); to go by way of
existing (at the present moment); alright; acceptable; to be (usu. of inanimate objects); to have
to get; to earn; to understand; to comprehend; to receive something undesirable (e.g. a punishment); to get (ill)
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
should (be); bound (to be); nock (of a bow); nock (of an arrow); nock-shaped grip (between thumb and forefinger); wooden frame on the tip of the mast of a Japanese ship that prevents the hawser from falling out
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
disliking; not wanting; unpleasant; disagreeable; no!; quit it!
presentiment; premonition; hunch; to have a premonition; to have a hunch
to cease; to stop; to be over
to sense; to suspect; to get an inkling (of something); to get wind of; to smell (e.g. danger); to become aware of (e.g. a plot)
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
group; body; party; company; troupe; gang
to be surprised; to be taken aback; to be amazed; to be frightened; to be startled; to be alarmed
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
flame; blaze; flames (of intense emotion, e.g. love, jealousy, anger); passion
natural; right; proper; naturally; as a matter of course; rightly