indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
beyond; across; the other side; the distance
Chinese "star" constellation (one of the 28 mansions); Singapore
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
star (usu. excluding the Sun); planet (usu. excluding Earth); star (glyph, symbol, shape); asterisk; star (actor, player, etc.); dot; spot
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
original; unique; distinctive; independent; one's own; personal
to make progress; to develop; to evolve (method, style, etc.)
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
to call out (to); to call; to summon (a doctor, etc.); to invite; to designate; to name; to garner (support, etc.)
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
sky; the air; weather; far-off place; distant place; state of mind; feeling
civilization; civilisation; culture; Bunmei era (1469.4.28-1487.7.20)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to build; to construct; to erect; to build up (a reputation, position, fortune, etc.); to establish (a relationship, household, tradition, etc.); to lay (a foundation)
bebop (1940s popular music)
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such
north; the North; northern territories; North Korea; (arch.) north wind
(what) the heck; (why) in the world; one object; one body; one form; one style; one Buddhist image
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; penis; (one's) thing
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
intention; plan; belief; assumption; estimate; estimation
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
to notice; to realize; to realise; to regain consciousness; to come to (one's senses); to come round
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
to scheme; to plan; to play a trick; to invent; to conspire; to frame up
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
good; excellent; fine; nice; pleasant; agreeable
well done!; good job!; good work!; you did it!; bravo!
to go; to move (towards); to move through; to travel across; to go (well, badly, etc.); to proceed; to do (in a particular way)
adds force to a statement, decision or conclusion; indicates command; (strongly) emphasizes the previous word; adds focus; some- (e.g. something, someone)
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...; wow
safe; secure; certainly; surely; no thanks; I'm good
on time; on schedule; punctually
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence