indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
story; tale; narrative; account; fable; legend
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to memorize; to memorise; to learn; to pick up; to feel; to think
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
happiness; good fortune; luck; blessing
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
memory; recollection; remembrance; storage
to write down; to note; to jot down; to remember
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
above ground; on the ground; earth's surface; this world; this earth
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to be born; to come into the world
in spite of; nevertheless; although; despite; no matter the; regardless of
to recall; to remember; to recollect
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
nature (of a person); sex; gender; sex (i.e. sexual attraction, activity, etc.); gender; -ty
to hold (in one's hand); to take; to possess; to have; to maintain; to keep; to last
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
reason; cause; circumstances
looking; viewing; (please) try (to)
to talk about; to speak of; to recite; to chant; to indicate; to show
next; following; subsequent; stage; station
to convey; to report; to transmit; to communicate; to tell; to impart
wow!; oh!; yeah!; alright!; waah!; boohoo!
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
to fall down; to drop; to be omitted; to be missing; to decrease; to sink; to fail (e.g. exam or class)
Japanese person; Japanese people
mess; sorry state; -ways; -wards; in the act of ...; just as one is ...
hostility; antagonism; opposition
mansion; palace; (arch.) nobleman; (arch.) noblewoman; (arch.) cabin (on a boat, carriage, etc.)
attack; assault; raid; criticism; censure; denunciation
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
least; lowest; worst; awful; horrible; at the very least
work; labor; achievement; performance; salary; income
to (take out and) show; to demonstrate; to point out (finger, clock hand, needle, etc.); to indicate; to show
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
body; oneself; one's place; one's position; main part; meat (as opposed to bone, skin, etc.)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then