indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
mind; heart; spirit; the meaning of a phrase (riddle, etc.)
hometown; birthplace; native place; (arch.) ruins; (arch.) historic remains
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
memory; recollection; remembrance; memory; storage
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to forget; to leave carelessly; to be forgetful of; to forget about; to forget (an article)
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
above ground; on the ground; earth's surface; this world; this earth
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to come into being; to be born
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
looking; viewing; (please) try (to)
to convey; to report; to transmit; to communicate; to tell; to impart
story; tale; narrative; account; fable; legend
by means of; due to; because of; according to
to wake up (someone; by calling out); to awaken; to bring back (e.g. memories); to evoke; to recall
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
war potential; military strength; fighting power; ability (to compete); capabilities; valuable asset
to be ready; to be prepared; to be in order; to be put in order; to be adjusted; to be regulated
country; state; region; national government; central government; home (i.e. hometown, home country); province (of Japan)
army; armed forces; military authorities; team; group
arsenal; ordnance factory; armoury; armory
to hang up (e.g. a coat, a picture on the wall); to let hang; to put on (e.g. a blanket); to put on top of; to put on (glasses, etc.); to wear (a necklace, etc.); to make (a call)
show; performance; show; exhibition; TV show
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
new type; new style; new model; new strain (e.g. infectious disease)
to get on (train, plane, bus, ship, etc.); to get in; to get on (e.g. a footstool); to step on; to reach; to go over; to follow
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to appear; to come in sight; to become visible; to be expressed (e.g. emotions); to become apparent (e.g. trends, effects)
hard fight; close game; struggle; tight contest
to force; to compel; to coerce; to press; to impose
all right (e.g. when guiding a driver); keep coming; OK; I've got it
no good; not serving its purpose; hopeless; wasted; cannot; must not
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
entirely useless; completely worthless; no no; don't!