indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
myself; yourself; I; me; you
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
now; the present time; just now; another; more
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
that being the case; because of ...; the reason is ...; given that ...
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such
to enter; to go into; to break into; to join; to enroll; to contain; to hold
direction; way; side (of an argument, etc.); one's part; type; category; field (of study, etc.)
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
language; dialect; word; phrase; speech; (manner of) speaking
to use (a thing, method, etc.); to make use of; to use (a person, animal, puppet, etc.); to employ; to use (time, money, etc.); to spend
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
to call out (to); to call; to summon (a doctor, etc.); to invite; to designate; to name; to garner (support, etc.)
strong; potent; strong; brawny; good (at); skilled; being able to handle
always; all the time; never; usual; regular