indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
myself; yourself; I; me; you
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
although; despite; whereas; while; if only; I wish
direction; way; side (of an argument, etc.); one's part; type; category; field (of study, etc.)
room; chamber; apartment; flat; stable
sound; noise; note; fame; Chinese-derived character reading
to continue; to keep up; to keep on
surely; undoubtedly; sternly; severely; having no slack; rigid
in comparison to; rather than
to continue; to last; to continue (without a break); to be unbroken; to occur again and again; to lead to; to connect to
anxiety; uneasiness; worry; apprehension; fear; insecurity
to laugh; to smile; to sneer; to ridicule; to be dumbfounded; to be flabbergasted
you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she
to be heard; to be audible; to be said to be; to be reputed
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to recall; to remember; to recollect
number one; first; best; most; game; round
scary; frightening; eerie; dreadful
until now; so far; up to the present
to cry; to weep; to sob; to howl
tear; tears; lachrymal secretion; sympathy
unusual; rare; new; novel; fine (e.g. gift)
to give up; to abandon (hope, plans); to resign oneself (to)
to be hit; to strike; to touch; to be in contact; to be equivalent to; to be applicable; to be right on the money (of a prediction, criticism, etc.)
limit; limits; degree; extent; the end; the last; as long as ...
to shine; to glitter; to sparkle