indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she
wanted; wished for; in need of; I want (you) to
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
things like; something like; someone like; such a thing as; (the fact) that; to think that
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such
to meet; to encounter; to see; to have an accident; to have a bad experience
liked; well-liked; in love (with); loved; faddism; eccentricity
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
myself; yourself; I; me; you
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
to think (about, of); to think over; to consider; to bear in mind; to think (that); to believe; to intend (to do)
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
I wonder; should I?; is it?; I wish that; I hope that
continuously in some state (for a long time, distance); throughout; much (better, etc.); by far; far away; long ago
long (distance, length); long (time); protracted; prolonged
to convey; to report; to transmit; to communicate; to tell; to impart
something like ...; things like ...; someone like ...; the likes of ...
chest; breast; breasts; bosom; heart; lungs; stomach
inner part; inside; interior; depths (e.g. of a forest); back (of a house, drawer, etc.); bottom (e.g. of one's heart)
horizontal (as opposed to vertical); lying down; side-to-side (as opposed to front-to-back); width; side (of a box, etc.); beside
to collect; to put (it all) together; to summarize; to aggregate; to bring to a conclusion; to finalize
(not) anywhere; nowhere; everywhere; anywhere
as (much) as possible; as (much) as one can; wherever practicable; if possible