presumptuous; arrogant; audacious; forward; insolent
transcendence; transcendency
preeminence; excellence; superiority; transcendence
supremacy; predominance; being superior to
San'etsu (the three former provinces of Echizen, Etchū and Echigo)
area on Japan Sea side of Japan, including Niigata
Chūetsu (region in Niigata); China and Vietnam; Sino-Vietnamese
region on Japan Sea side of Japan west of Tokyo; Nagano and Niigata
seeing the old year out; greeting the New Year; passing the winter; hibernation
Wu and Yue (two rival states in ancient China)
Kōshin'etsu region (including Yamanashi, Nagano and Niigata prefectures); Koshinetsu
jumping over (a hurdle); clearing (a fence); hurdling
Japan and Vietnam; Japanese-Vietnamese
Raetsu (supposed Malay peninsula country during the Tang dynasty)
Vietnamese reading (of Chinese characters)
Japan, China, South Korea and Vietnam; Chinese, Japanese, Korean and Vietnamese (languages); CJKV
winter annual; biennial; biennial plant
Yue Chinese (language); Cantonese (language)