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① 真正細菌のこと。原核生物のうち古細菌を除いたもの。→バクテリア (Bacteria)。② 原核生物の総称。真正細菌と古細菌が含まれる。→狭義の微生物 (Microbe)。

① 病気の原因となる細菌。

disinfection; sterile filtration

sterilised; sterilized; sterile; pasteurised; pasteurized; germ-free

① ものを腐らせたり病気の原因になったりする、悪い影響をもたらす細菌・ウイルス・菌類などのこと。雑菌。

fungal filament; hypha; hyphae

antibacterial; antimicrobial

① キノコやカビなどを含む生物の分類群。生物学的には菌界に属する生物を指す。原核生物である細菌と区別するために、真菌（真菌類）とも呼ばれる。

① ものを腐らせたり病気の原因になったりする、悪い影響をもたらす細菌・ウイルス・菌類などのこと。雑菌。

Helicobacter pylori

① 乳酸発酵のもととなる微生物などのこと。

tubercle bacillus; tuberculosis germ

plague bacillus (Yersinia pestis)

koji mold (Aspergillus oryzae)

yeast cell

Escherichia coli (E. coli); colon bacterium

Trichophyton fungus (dermatophyte that causes ringworm, etc.)

① 病気の原因となる細菌。

antibiotic-resistant bacteria

mushroom bed

Bacillus anthracis (anthrax bacteria)

natto bacteria (Bacillus subtilis var. natto)

Clostridium botulinum (bacteria that causes botulism)

① 菌類に同じ。

good germ; good bacteria

actinomycete; actinomycetes; ray fungus

pathogenic bacteria; bad bacteria; harmful bacteria

salmonella

Lactobacillus bifidus

hay bacillus (Bacillus subtilis); grass bacillus

strain of microorganism

Clostridium tetani (tetanus bacillus)

bacterial strain

① 酵母に同じ。

putrefactive bacteria; putrefying bacteria; putrid bacteria; saprogen

multidrug-resistant bacteria

Serratia marcescens

causative microorganism; pathogenic bacteria; pathogen

coccus

mother (fungal colony used to start fermentation); starter culture; seed fungus

mother (fungal colony used to start fermentation); starter culture; seed fungus

shigella (dysentery bacillus)

Legionella pneumophila (bacteria that causes Legionnaires' disease)

acetobacter; acetic acid bacteria

bacteria capable of causing food poisoning

myxomycete; slime mold

Bacillus cereus

mycology; fungology

① 病気の原因となる細菌。

opportunistic pathogen

drug-resistant bacterium; drug-resistant bacteria

root nodule bacteria

sclerotium

filamentous fungus

meningococcus (Neisseria meningitidis)

Salmonella typhi (bacteria that causes typhoid fever)

typhoid bacillus

vibrio cholerae

bacterial cell; fungus body

fermentation micro-organism; fermentative bacteria; zymocyte; fermentation germ

pyogenic bacteria; pus-producing bacteria

bacteriostasis; bacteriostatic

fairy ring; mushroom ring

Corynebacterium diphtheriae (bacterium that causes diphtheria)

Welch bacillus (Clostridium perfringens)

① 酪酸発酵のもととなる微生物などのこと。

live bacteria; live virus; viable fungus

edible mushroom

gram-negative bacteria

poison mushroom

acid-fast bacterium

paratyphoid bacillus

Listeria monocytogenes

Bacillus anthracis (anthrax bacteria)

oomycete; class oomycota; water mold

ergot fungus (Claviceps purpurea)

① 病原体を体外に出すこと。

Mycobacterium leprae; the bacteria that causes Hansen's disease (leprosy)

ascomycete; sac fungus

anaerobic bacteria; anaerobe

Clostridium chauvoei (bacteria that causes blackleg)

methanogen

ascomycete; sac fungus

saprophytic fungus; saprophytic bacteria

imperfect fungus; deuteromycete

edible mushroom

killed vaccine

photogenic fungi; luminous fungi; Photobacterium

Fungi; fungus kingdom

gram-positive bacteria

thermophilic bacteria; thermophile

thermophile

halobacteria

hyperthermophile

actinomyces; actinomycetes; ray fungus

nitrifying bacteria

poisonous fungus; poisonous mushroom

mycorrhiza

downy mildew (disease)

contaminant

rice cake disease bacteria; blister blight bacteria

Clostridium botulinum (bacteria that causes botulism)

Clostridium botulinum (bacteria that causes botulism)

mushroom poison

Burkholderia mallei (bacterium that causes glanders)

fairy ring; mushroom ring

achorion fungus

① アンモニアを亜硝酸に炭酸同化を行う微生物などのこと。

mycosis; fungal disease

① 亜硝酸を硝酸に炭酸固定を行う微生物などのこと。

methanogen

Gartner's bacillus; form of salmonella that causes gastroenteritis in humans

Lactobacillus casei (species of bacteria)

Lactobacillus gasseri (species of bacteria)

smut fungus (Microbotryum violaceum)

thrush fungus (Candida albicans)

① 朝に生えて夜に枯れるきのこ。② 寿命が短いもの。