vocabulary; lexicon; lexis; terminology
word root (smallest portion of a larger word that holds meaning)
classification of Japanese words by their origin as Japanese, Chinese or Western
term; terminology; wording; choice of words; phraseology
branch (of a language family); branch of languages
(inflectional) ending of a word; end of a sentence
new word; neologism; newly coined word; newly introduced word (in a textbook); new word (to learn)
language of the natives; local language; native tongue; dialect; patois
elegant words; refined diction; poetic expression; classical poetic language (esp. of the Heian period)
dialect; language of the common people; colloquial language; slang
whispering; private talk; talking (during a class, lecture, etc.)
origin of a word; derivation of a word; etymology
middle of a word; within a word
tone (of voice); parlance; style; intonation; accent
boasting; big talk; bombast; Australian English
the Analects of Confucius (one of the Four Books)
written language; literary language; classical (or formal) written style based on Heian-period Japanese
study of foreign languages; linguistics
polite language (e.g. masu, desu)
irony; rhetorical question
Min Chinese (language); Min
register-specific word; word used in a particular social group or situation
honorific; term of respect; polite expression; honorific language
secret language; jargon; cant; argot; slang
human speech; human language; sound of people talking
ancient Japanese (as spoken in Japan until the Middle Ages)
common language; lingua franca; standard language (language variety understood throughout a country)
sociolect spoken in the Tokyo area by gyaru
sense of language; feeling of a word; impression a word makes; nuance
standard language (used in government, education, etc.); standard Japanese
dead language; extinct language; obsolete word; dated word; word that has become passé
language of one's country; mother tongue; native language
monologue; soliloquy; German (language)
faulty statement; misleading statement; misunderstanding caused by a misleading statement
Korean (language; esp. as spoken in South Korea)
colloquialism; colloquial language; slang
indecent language; dirty talk
modern language; contemporary language; living language; modern Japanese; Japanese as spoken since the Meiji period or alternatively, since the end of World War II
machine language; machine code
spoken language; colloquial speech; (modern) spoken Japanese; written style based on (modern) spoken Japanese
technical term; terminology; nomenclature
language learning ability; foreign language skills; linguistic ability
Japanese word of Chinese origin; Sino-Japanese word; language of the Han people; Chinese
translation equivalent; equivalent word in translation; translation (of a word); gloss
buzzword; vogue word; popular phrase
original word; original language
diction; grammar; syntax; usage; wording
emphasis (e.g. placed on a word); stress; tone (of voice)
Nihon Kokugo Daijiten (Japanese dictionary published by Shogakukan)
loanword (in Japanese, esp. one of Western origin); word of foreign origin
Beijing dialect (of Mandarin); Pekingese
Japanese spoken (or written) with an excessive amount of English loanwords
Min Chinese (language); Min
phenomime; mimetic word; word that mimics an action, condition, or manner that does not make a sound (e.g. "damp", "calmly")
indigenous language; local language; vernacular; native tongue
everyday language; common parlance; vernacular
Zen terminology; Zen words
headword (in a dictionary); entry word
speech; utterance; speech production; word used to start a sentence
Japanese language; wago; native Japanese words (as opposed to Chinese-derived words and other loanwords)
Swahili (language); Kiswahili
technical term; (specialist) terminology; jargon
baby talk (e.g. "choo-choo" for train); words and speech patterns used by infants
various languages; several languages
similar words; words of similar meaning; synonym
Persian (language); Farsi
Persian (language); Farsi
katakana word; word written in katakana
sound of a word; sounds of speech; phoneme
discriminatory term; discriminatory language
Taiwanese (language); Taiwanese Hokkien
quasi-synonym (word that has a similar meaning to another, but is not interchangeable)
English (language); British English
one's native language; one's mother tongue
kanji compound formed of opposing elements; antonym
kanji compound formed of opposing elements; antonym; conversation (face-to-face)
pejorative term; derogatory term; disparaging term
classical or dead languages
Indonesian (language); Bahasa Indonesia
forgetting the words; inability to pronounce a word correctly
secret language; code word; argot
critical remark; comment; grade (at school; e.g. A, B, C)
Nepali (language); Nepalese
another language; different languages
each language; every language
each language; every language
talking in whispers; confidential words
a great many words; huge number of words
Klingon (fictitious language)
humble language (e.g. itadaku)
word used mainly in writing; literary language
use of related words to enhance expression (in classical Japanese poetry or prose); semantically related words
comprehension (of a word)
compound word; compound term
Hungarian (language); Magyar
Shanghainese; Shanghai dialect (of Wu Chinese)
both languages; both words
Western language; Japanese word of Western origin
linguist; language expert
international language; world language; global lingua franca; constructed international auxiliary language (e.g. Esperanto)
international language; world language; global lingua franca; constructed international auxiliary language (e.g. Esperanto)
(various) languages; language group; language family
syllable repetition (indicating plurals)
neologism; newly coined word
term used in translation; translation equivalent; word borrowed and translated from another language
Khmer (language); Cambodian
Quechua (language); Quechuan; Quichua; Quecha
modern Japanese (as spoken since the Middle Ages); Japanese spoken during the Meiji period (sometimes including the late Edo period and/or the Taishō period)
talking quietly; quiet conversation; idle talk
baseless rumor; baseless rumour; gossip; false report
the opening greeting on letters
group of languages (subgroup of a branch); word group; group of words
language family; family of languages
common saying; slang; argot
protolanguage; parent language
everyday language; The Tale of the Heike
example of a word or phrase
Sinhala (language); Sinhalese
practical language; language used for day-to-day activity (in contrast to official languages); facility language
language of the enemy (esp. English in Japan during WWII)
hybrid language; pidgin; hybrid word; portmanteau word
compound word; phrase; collocation; copula
verbiage; wordiness; tautology; blabber; chatter; unnecessary talk
Filipino (standardized Tagalog, the national language of the Philippines)
related term; associated words
Tokyo dialect (esp. historical)
Syriac (language); Syriac Aramaic
word with difficult-to-read kanji
Norse (language); Nordic languages (Danish, Faroese, Icelandic, Norwegian, Swedish); North Germanic languages
different word; another word
European language; European languages
Uighur (language); Uigur; Uygur
Iranian (any member language of the Iranian language branch, esp. Farsi)
pejorative term; derogatory word; invective
language used by students; students' slang
Buddhist terminology; word related to Buddhism
Ancient Egyptian (language)
Marathi (language); Mahratti
Croat (language); Croatian
Chinese language (esp. as a college class)
Italian language (esp. as a school subject)
words; speech; expression
intensive word; intensifier
The School Sayings of Confucius; Family Sayings of Confucius; Kongzi Jiayu
Buddhist term; teaching of the Buddha; saying of the Buddha; words of the Buddha
unknown language; unknown word
adult language; office jargon
language used in red-light districts during the Edo period
Edo-period Kansai dialect
rare word; unusual word; strange word
Annamese (language); Vietnamese
Cebuano (language); Cebuan; Bisaya
Filipino (standardized Tagalog, the national language of the Philippines)
foul language; abusive language
language used in the political and cultural center of a country
independent word; free-standing Japanese language elements (not auxiliaries or particles)
whispering; murmuring; talking in a low voice
dependent word (i.e. auxiliaries and particles; in Japanese)
independent word; free-standing word
etymological dictionary; glossary; thesaurus; history of words
inflecting word (in Japanese); inflectional word
four-letter word (vulgar English term, e.g. fuck)
four-letter word (vulgar English term, e.g. fuck)
heroic words; big talk; boasting; bragging; grandiloquence; rodomontade
Pijin (language); pidgin language
spoken language (as opposed to literary)
polysemous word; word with multiple meanings
Ethiopic (language, languages)
Rhaeto-Romance (language)
loanword; loan word; borrowed word; borrowing
Japanese word constructed of elements from foreign languages
French language (esp. as a college class)
ancient language; ancient word; Old Japanese; Japanese as spoken from the end of the 6th century to the end of the Nara period
Kannada (language); Kanarese
Kannada (language); Kanarese
Kongo (language); Kikongo; Congolese
Ilokano (language); Ilocano
Late Middle Japanese; medieval Japanese; mediaeval Japanese
taboo word; forbidden word
sweet whispers of love; sweet nothings; lovers' whispers
Brazilian Portuguese (language variety)
Haitian Creole (language)
Chinese (language); Qiang (language)
hand signals; flag signals
mixed language; hybrid language; pidgin; word formed via contamination
hybrid term combining elements drawn from different languages
inflected language; fusional language
preface; editors note; postscript
speech mixing words from two languages
speech mixing words from two languages
Luwian; Luvian (language)
speech used by the speaker to convey the social stature between the speaker and listener; language conveying that the speaker is of greater social status than the listener
female language; feminine expression
Aboriginal languages (of Australia)
elegant speech (esp. the use of the prefixes "o-" and "go-"); refined language; polite language
incorporating language; polysynthetic language
katakana dictionary; loanword dictionary
local language; local dialect
local language; local dialect
protolanguage; parent language; root word; word in the parent language
homonym that has a native Japanese reading
constituent negation; word negation
Tungusic language (esp. Evenki)
Southern Min; Minnan; southern branch of Min Chinese
Southern Min; Minnan; southern branch of Min Chinese
machine word; computer word
machine word; computer word
auxiliary inflecting word (in Japanese)
Kyōwa-go; Japanese-based pidgin language spoken in Manchukuo
Punjabi (language); Panjabi
Punjabi (language); Panjabi
Slovenian (language); Slovene
Shughni (language spoken in Pamir mountains in Afghanistan and Tajikistan)
lingua franca; vehicular language; bridge language; intermediary language
words used to describe tempo, dynamics, etc. in music; musical terminology
illustrative word; example word
Ladin (Rhaeto-Romanic dialect)
courteous language (i.e. humble language in which an action or object is not directed toward the listener or a third party)
Indo-European language(s)
national language; state language
male language; masculine language
twin talk; twin speech; cryptophasia; idioglossia
old people's talk; sociolect of the elderly; dated language
secret language used in the postwar Showa period where certain words are read backwards
secret language used in the postwar Showa period where certain words are read backwards
early modern Japanese; Japanese as spoken during the Edo period
Ottoman Turkish (language); Osmanli; Ottoman
Khmer (language); Cambodian
sister language; related language; cognate
Tswana (language); Setswana
Telugu (language); Telegu
Gujarati (language); Gujerati
Pashto (language); Pashtu
Pashto (language); Pashtu
Serbo-Croat (language); Serbo-Croatian
Rwandan (language); Kinyarwanda
Yue Chinese (language); Cantonese (language)
psychomime; ideophone depicting mental state or sensation
German language (esp. as a college class)
Spanish language (esp. as a college class)
Spanish language (esp. as a college class)
superstratum; superstrate
Wu Chinese (language); Shanghainese
Kapampangan (language); Pampangan (language)
Dzongkha (language); Bhutanese
Cebuano (language); Cebuan; Bisaya
baby talk (used in talking to young children)
private-sphere language; language used in every day life; dialect
Tigre (language); Tigrayit
living language; inflecting word
Ido (constructed language)
vernacularism; colloquialism
European Portuguese (language variety)
Hokkien (language); Fukien; Fujian
mixed language spoken by Japanese Brazilians
Cia-Cia language; Butonese
Maldivian (language); Dhivehi
newly introduced word (e.g. in a textbook); new word (to learn); new vocabulary
babigo; language game of repeating each syllable with an initial "b"
etymology of a word; history of a word
lack of Japanese language support for Japanese-made content (esp. video games)
Sino-Japanese word; word using Chinese-derived readings
polysyllabic word; polysyllable
structure word; function word; form word
Sotho (language); Sesotho; Southern Sotho
Aromanian (language); Macedo-Romanian
Scots (language); Lowland Scots
Gilbertese (language); Kiribati
Magyar (language); Hungarian
modifier of a non-inflectable word; adnominal modifier
Tales of Ise (Heian period collection of poems) (abbr)