Keyword
outer shell
Info
FrequencyTop 800-900
Type
Jōyō 
?
KankenLevel 3
Heisig1194
Readings
こう
(50%)
(19%)
かん
(15%)
(7%)
かっ
(5%)
Mnemonic

A pictograph of a turtle with its head poking out downwards. You can clearly see its outer shell.

Used in kanji (13 in total)
push
single
home village
cape (on coast)
Used in vocabulary (197 in total)
high-pitched; shrill
carapace; shell; 1st in rank; grade A; instep; back of hand
back of the hand
effect; result; worth; Kai (former province located in present-day Yamanashi Prefecture)
to be effective; to be fruitful; to be worthwhile; to be worth; to be rewarded; to pay off
armoring; armouring; armor; armour
deck (of a ship)
armor and helmet (armour)
good-for-nothing; spineless; gutless; spiritless; feckless; pluckless
shell (of crab, tortoise, etc.); carapace; person's back; years of experience
Koshien Stadium, a baseball stadium in Koshien which is the venue of the annual high school baseball tournaments; High school baseball in Japan, the tournaments generally referred to as Kōshien, named after the stadium; Koshien, Nishinomiya, Hyōgo Prefecture, a neighborhood of Nishinomiya, Hyōgo, Japan
resourcefulness; ability (esp. to earn a living); dependability; reliability
brisk and efficient; diligent; devoted; spirited
reason for living; something one lives for; purpose in life; raison d'être
covering for the back of the hand and wrist
armoured vehicle; armored vehicle
effect; result; worth; use; avail
carapace; shell; crust
Kōfu (city in Yamanashi)
unbecoming; unsuitable; disgraceful; wrong for one's age; unworthy of one's years; thoughtless for one's age
armour (e.g. tank); armor
shoulder blade; scapula
top of the foot; instep; dorsum of the foot; dorsum pedis
being worth doing
rhinoceros beetle (esp. the Japanese rhinoceros beetle, Trypoxylus dichotomus)
useless; in vain
being good-for-nothing; useless person
armor piercing ammunition; armour piercing ammunition
reliability; trustworthiness; dependability
difficult to say which of the two is better; hard to tell which is better; (there is) little to choose between them
worthy of; worth doing; worth having
first and second; A and B; superiority and (or) inferiority; distinction (in quality); discernment
worthless; pointless; useless
sternum; breastplate; plastron
tortoiseshell (of the hawksbill turtle); bekko; tortoiseshell (esp. of the Chinese soft-shelled turtle)
A-grade; first-class
iron armor (armour); iron helmet
tortoise shell bondage; turtle shell bondage
tortoise shell
being good-for-nothing; useless person
armor; armour; armor plate; armour plate
good-for-nothing; spineless; gutless; spiritless; feckless; pluckless
Wood Rat (1st year of the sexagenary cycle, e.g. 1924, 1984, 2044)
type of astrology
reason for living; something one lives for; purpose in life; raison d'être
high-pitched; high in the instep
good-for-nothing; spineless; gutless; spiritless; feckless; pluckless
difficult to say which of the two is better; hard to tell which is better; (there is) little to choose between them
first sign of the Chinese calendar
being worth doing
tortoiseshell (of the hawksbill turtle); bekko; tortoiseshell (esp. of the Chinese soft-shelled turtle)
unbecoming; unsuitable; disgraceful; wrong for one's age; unworthy of one's years; thoughtless for one's age
tortoise shell
arms; war; armed warrior
type of yarn-dyed silk goods
worthlessness; uselessness; hopelessness
useless; in vain
armor and helmet (armour)
(lying on one's belly and) basking in the sun; sunbathing (e.g. on a beach)
the former and the latter; A and B
armored ship; armoured ship
covering for the back of the hand and wrist
Wood Tiger (51st year of the sexagenary cycle, e.g. 1914, 1974, 2034)
sharp high voice
spider wasp; pompilid
Wood Dragon (41st year of the sexagenary cycle, e.g. 1904, 1964, 2024)
carapace; shell; crust
hard candy; candy suckers molded on a griddle; (lit.) tortoise-shell candy
iron-reinforced warships built by Oda Nobunaga
A, B, C and D; first, second, third and fourth
worth talking to
to make a shrill sound
good-for-nothing; spineless; gutless; spiritless; feckless; pluckless
difficult to say which of the two is better; hard to tell which is better; (there is) little to choose between them
Kōshin'etsu region (including Yamanashi, Nagano and Niigata prefectures); Koshinetsu
to bask in the sun lying flat on one's belly
helmet (of a warrior); headpiece
bright red table grape, a cross between a Flame Tokay and a Neo Muscat
armor; armour
pangolin; scaly anteater
armored corps; armoured corps
worth mentioning
Wood Horse (31st year of the sexagenary cycle, e.g. 1954, 2014, 2074)
amber (colour, color)
all-A (student)
cold northerly winter wind from the Rokko Mountains
beetles; coleopterans; coleoptera
to be effective; to be fruitful; to be worthwhile; to be worth; to be rewarded; to pay off
worthless; pointless; useless
Wood Monkey (21st year of the sexagenary cycle, e.g. 1944, 2004, 2064)
arrow with feathers that curve to the left (the first of two arrows to be fired)
Wood Dog (11th year of the sexagenary cycle, e.g. 1934, 1994, 2054)
Donghak Peasant Revolution (Korea; 1894-1895)
armor made from small iron plates bound by leather cords (from Kofun to Nara periods)
Kai; Kai ken; Japanese dog breed
armored cruiser; armoured cruiser
to accumulate years of experience; to become proficient
armorer; armourer
treble range (in Japanese music); high note
passing the physical examination as a Grade One conscript (in the former Japanese military)
worthlessness; uselessness; hopelessness
cold northerly winter wind from the Rokko Mountains
crab meat mixed with vegetables and egg yolk, steamed inside its shell
armored fish; armoured fish
article of tortoise shell; tortoiseshell work
gauntlet; spats
one man's meat is another man's poison; (lit.) one man's medicine is another man's poison
thyroid-stimulating hormone; TSH; thyrotropin; thyrotrophin
position on the fingerboard (of a shamisen, koto, etc.); vital point; crux
worth mentioning
to each their own; different strokes for different folks; cut your coat to suit your cloth; (lit.) a crab digs a hole like its own shell
to be worth the effort; to be worth the trouble
aconite (esp. species Aconitum japonicum); wolfsbane; monkshood; traditional bugaku hat
Gapsin Coup (of Korea; 1884)
tortoise shell
tortoise shell
horseshoe crab
dark sleeper (species of sleeper goby, Odontobutis obscura)
black longspine urchin (Diadema setosum)
kisslip cuttlefish (Sepia lycidas); common cuttlefish (Sepia officinalis)
kisslip cuttlefish (Sepia lycidas); common cuttlefish (Sepia officinalis)
crab meat mixed with vegetables and egg yolk, steamed inside its shell
golden cuttlefish (Sepia esculenta); cuttlefish (any species in the family Sepiidae)
golden cuttlefish (Sepia esculenta); cuttlefish (any species in the family Sepiidae)
Coleoptera (the order of insects containing beetles)
crust-like shell
shrill; high-pitched; sharp
armored warrior; armoured warrior
armor plate; armour plate
first division of the night (approx. 7pm to 9pm)
armored recovery vehicle; armoured recovery vehicle
armored personnel carrier; armoured personnel carrier
oracle bone script
parathyroid hormone; parathormone
pteraspids (extinct armoured jawless fishes)
nasal concha; turbinate bone
horse armor; horse armour
tortoiseshell sauce; thickened sauce of dashi, soy, mirin, etc.
tortoiseshell sauce; thickened sauce of dashi, soy, mirin, etc.
tortoiseshell sauce; thickened sauce of dashi, soy, mirin, etc.
tortoiseshell sauce; thickened sauce of dashi, soy, mirin, etc.
top board (of a table, counter, etc.); surface
weapons and armour; soldier; battle; war
chronic thyroiditis; Hashimoto's disease
Kabuto Station (Ishikawa)
goitered gazelle (Gazella subgutturosa); black-tailed gazelle; Persian gazelle
Chinese pangolin (Manis pentadactyla)
Examples (9 in total)
The ship had three decks.
My work is my passion.
It is said that the secret of long life is to have something to live for.