flower; blossom; cherry blossom; beauty; blooming (esp. of cherry blossoms); ikebana; hanafuda
suffix for familiar person
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
school festival; cultural festival; annual open day school event showcasing student talent
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
drama; play; powerful drug
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
leading part; leading actor; leading actress
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
very; greatly; immense; enormous; serious; grave
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
video camera; video camcorder
to buy; to purchase; to value; to have a high opinion; to stir; to provoke
parent; parents; dealer (in cards, mahjong, etc.); banker; founder; inventor; (pet) owner
things like; something like; someone like; such a thing as; (the fact) that; to think that
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
recommendation; referral; endorsement
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
candidacy; standing as a candidate; bidding (to host an event, e.g. the Olympics)
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
string made from twisted paper
and the like; such as; or something; something like; I hear that ...; people say that...
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to hang up (e.g. a coat, a picture on the wall); to let hang; to put on (e.g. a blanket); to put on top of; to put on (glasses, etc.); to wear (a necklace, etc.); to make (a call)
to have been decided (so) that; to have been arranged (so) that; to be the result (of); to be the outcome; to be the reason (for)
lottery; lot; raffle; draw
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to be disconnected; to get out of place; to miss the mark; to get it wrong (e.g. guess, expectation); to be removed; to be excluded
older sister; elder sister; young lady; miss; ma'am; older girl
role; assignment; position (of responsibility); post; part (in a play, film, etc.); role
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
three; three years of age
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
pish; pooh; I see; oh; indeed
terrible; dreadful; amazing (e.g. of strength); great (e.g. of skills); to a great extent; vast (in numbers)