heh-heh; hee-hee; ha ha; (arch.) female genitals; (arch.) vagina; (arch.) vulva
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
older sister; elder sister
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
to get up; to rise; to wake up; to be awake; to occur (usu. of unfavourable incidents); to happen
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
I'm off; see you later; to go (and then come back)
just (e.g. "just wait here"); come now; tolerably; passably; well...; I think...
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
capital (esp. Kyoto, Japan's former capital); seat of government; capital (of music, fashion, etc.); city (e.g. of light); location of the Imperial Palace
when; at what time; how soon; normal times; ordinary days
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
to sleep (lying down); to go to bed; to lie in bed; to lie down; to sleep (with someone, i.e. have intercourse); to lie flat (e.g. of hair); to lie idle (of funds, stock, etc.)
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
to hold in one's arms (e.g. a baby); to embrace; to have sex with; to make love to; to sit on (eggs); to brood
sweet-tasting; sweet; fragrant (smelling); sweet (music); lightly salted; light in salt; naive
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
to grow up; to become an adult; to become big; to grow in size
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
to cure; to heal; to fix; to correct; to do over again; to replace
here I am; I'm home!; presently; right away; right now
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
time; hour; period; class
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
inside; within; while (e.g. one is young); during; among; amongst; in (secret, chaos, poverty, etc.)
to enter; to go into; to break into; to join; to enroll; to contain; to hold
excuse me for disturbing (interrupting) you; greeting used when entering someone's home
spring; springtime; New Year; prime (of life); height (of one's prosperity); adolescence
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
indication; sign; hint; tone (of the market)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to take out; to get out; to put out; to reveal; to submit (e.g. thesis); to turn in; to publish